Anatomy – Solved University MCQ’s
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ANATOMY(A and B 2023/02 Mains)
1.A 66 years old nulliparous woman presented in the surgical OPD with complains of bloody discharge from her right nipple.On examination the nipple was found to be retracted and skin around it had an ‘orange peel appearance’.The most likely diagnosis for this condition is
a.Intraductal papilloma b.Krukenbergs tumour c.Gynecomastia d.Paget’s disease of the breast
Answer:d
2.A 60 years old diabetic lady complains of intermittent attacks of pain in the thumb,index and middle fingers of her right hand.On examination there is wasting of thenar eminence.She is unable to hold a paper with thumb and fingers.There is loss of opposition of thumb.Index and middle fingers lag behind while making a fist.What could be the cause of such a condition?
a.Compression of ulnar nerve in the forearm
b.Compression of median nerve in the arm
c.Compression of ulnar nerve at the carpal tunnel
d.Compression of median nerve at carpal tunnel
Answer:d
3.A 22 year old female kabaddi player suffered a wrist injury while she tried to touch the central line on her outstretched hand.The orthopedician notices mild swelling at the anatomical snuff box with difficulty in ulnar deviation of hand.Which carpal bone is likely to be injured?
a.Pisiform b.Trapezoid c.Trapezium d.Scaphoid
Answer:d
4.A woman comes to OPD with the complaint of difficulty to spread the fingers of her left hand.Which nerve is likely to be involved?
a.Ulnar b.Musculocutaneus c.Radial d.Median
Answer:a
5.A patient is stabbed in the neck.You suspect damage to accessory nerve in the posterior triangle.You would test nerve function by asking the patient to
a.Extend his neck against resistance b.Extend his neck without resistance c.Lift his shoulders against resistance d.lift his shoulders without resistance.
Answer:c
6.Examination of a patient indicates that he has has a medially directed strabismus(squint).This could be due to damage to the
a.Oculomotor nerve b.Trochlear nerve c.Ophthalmic trigeminal nerve d.Abducent nerve
Answer:d
7.The seventh cranial nerve supplies
a.Taste buds on the posterior third of tongue b.Muscles of soft palate c.Parotid salivary gland d.Muscles of lower lip
Answer:d
8.A 40 year old patient underwent ear surgery.Postoperatively he started complaining of hyperacusis.This condition arose because of involvement of which muscle?
a.Tensor tympani b.Tensor veli palatine c.Stapedius d.Myelohyoid
Answer:c
9.One of the following is a paired dural venous sinus
a.Superior saggital sinus b.Sigmoid sinus c.Inferior saggital sinus d.Confluence of sinus
Answer:b
10.Taste sensation from tongue are carried by following nerves
a.7,8,9 b.5.6.11 c.7,9,10 d.10,11 and 12
Answer:c
11.A 65 year old man is admitted to the emergency department after an episode of a transient ischaemic attack.Radiographic examination reveals an aneurysm in the region between the posterior cerebral artery and superior cerebellar artery.Which of the following nerve will most likely be compressed from the aneurysm?
a.Trochlear b.Abducens c.Oculomotor d.Vagus
Answer:a
12.A 41 year old patient presents with a complaint of chronic nasal bleed.To control the severity of the nasal bleeding his physician decides to ligate the sphenopalatine artery.From which of the following arteries does sphenopalatine artery arise?
a.External carotid artery b.Facial artery c.Maxillary artery d.Ophthalmic artery
Answer:c
13.A 20 year old man is admitted to the emergency with a stab wound in the superior region of neck.Physical examination reveals that the patient has lost sensation from the skin over the angle of the jaw.Whic of the following nerves is most likely injured?
a.Transverse cervical b.Great auricular c.Greater occipital d.Lesser occipital
Answer:b
14.A 29 year old male visited ENT OPD with chief complaint of facial asymmetry,inability to close his left eye,and inability to chew food properly from the left side.He had a history of fever 10 days back.On examination the left side of face is motionless,wrinkles are absent.There is continuous dribbling of saliva from the left angle of the mouth.On the basis of your knowledge of anatomy what can be the diagnosis?
a.Injury to facial nerve at stylomastoid foramen b.Injury at facial colliculus c.Supranuclear lesion of facial nerve d.Injury to pons
Answer:a
15.A patient has been severely injured in the back of the head during a mugging attempt and imaging studies reveal possible fracture of skull along with the C! vertebra.The patient is also bleeding from the vertebral artery in this location and the attending surgeon will attempt to stop the bleeding by access through the suboccipital triangle.Which of the following muscle extends from the transverse process of C1 vertebra to the occipital bone and forms the lateral boundary of the suboccipital triangle?
a.Obliquus capitis inferior b.Obliquus capitis superior c.Rectus capitis posterior major d.Rectus capitis posterior minor
Answer:b
16.A 50 year old man came to the casualty complaining that while eating fish something got struck in his throat and it was causing pain and discomfort.On physical examination of the throat it was found that the fish bone was impacted in the piriform fossa.While removing the fishbone which nerve is likely to be injured?
a.External laryngeal nerve b.Internal laryngeal nerve c.Ansa cervicalis d.Glossopharyngeal nerve
Answer:b
17.A 5 days old infant is diagnosed with non communicating hydrocephalus.Which of the following is most likely to lead to such a condition?
a.Obstruction in circulation of the cerebrospinal fluid
b.Excess production of cerebrospinal fluid
c.Increased size of the hand
d.Disturbances in the resorption of cerebrospinal fluid.
Answer:a
18.A new born baby with a tuft of hair in lower back region was examined by pediatrician.What is the possible condition suspected?
a.Rachischisis b.Spina bifida occulta c.sacrococcygeal teratoma d.Caudal dysgenesis
Answer:b
19.AThe physician wanted to do the biochemical analysis if the CSF.Which one of the following vertebral levels would be the choice for introducing the needle for withdrawl of CSF?
a.T12 and L1 b.L1 and L2 c.L2 and L3 d.L3 and L4
Answer:d
20.A 6 year old girl was having high grade fever for five days.One evening she complained of weakness in her left leg. On examination there was flaccid paralysis of lower limb.What could be a provisional diagnosis?
a.Poliomyelitis b.Cerebral palsy c.Cerebellar palsy d.Lateral medullary syndrome
Answer:a
21.A new born is readmitted to the hospital with hypoxia and on testing is found to have pulmonary stenosis,dextraposition of aorta,interventricular septal defect and hypertrophy of left ventricle.Which of the following is best described by these symptoms?
a.Atrial septal defect b.Patent ductus arteriosus c.Tetralogy of fallot d.Aortic stenosis
Answer:c
22,.A 9 year old boy was admitted to the emergency department complaining of nausea,vomiting,fever and loss of appetite.On examination he was found to tenderness and pain in the right lower quadrant.Based on signs and symptoms the diagnosis of acute appendicitis was made.During an appendicectomy performed at Mc Burneys point,which of the following structures is most likely to be injured?
a.Deep circumflex femoral artery b.Inferior epigastric artery c.Iliohypogastric artery d.Genitofemoral nerve
Answer:c
23.A 39 year old man is unable to expel the last drops of urine at the end of micturation because of paralysis of the external urethral sphincter and bulbospongiosus muscles.This condition may occur as a result of injury to which of the following nervous structure?
a.Pelvic plexus b.Prostatic plexus c.Pudendal nerve d.Pelvic splanchnic nerve
Answer:c
24.A construction worker is hit on the leg with a concrete block and is subsequently unable to plantar flex and invert his foot.Which of the following muscles is most likely damaged?
a.Extensor digitorum longus b.Tibialis anterior c.Tibialis posterior d.Peroneus longus
Answer:c
25.A 72 year old woman complains of cramp like pain in her thigh and leg.She was diagnosed as having a severe intermittent claudication.Surgery was performed in the adductor canal to relieve her symptoms.Which of the following structures will most likely be unaffected?
a.Femoral artery b.Femoral vein c.Great saphenous vein d.Saphenous nerve
Answer:c
26.Following detailed clinical examination and investigations an infant is found to have a developmental malformation of the fascia transversalis.Which of the following structures on the anterior abdominal wall is likely to be defective?
a.Inguinal ligament b.Superficial inguinal ring c.Lacunar ligament d.Deep inguinal ring
Answer:d
27.A child accidently aspirates a small coin while sittingwhich enters the tracheobronchial tree.If the diameter of the coin is smaller than the secondary bronchus,then the most likely place the coin is going to get struck is
a.Posterior basal segment of right lower lobe b.Superior segment of left lower lobe c.Inferior(lingular) segment of left upper lobe
d.Superior segment of right lower lobe
Answer:d
28.A 17 year old boy was involved in a gang fight.During the argument he was injured with knife.On examination in the emergency he was found to have stab wound in the left flank involving left kidney.A urine specimen revealed frank blood.Which other organ is least likely to be damaged in this patient?
a.Stomach b.Spleen c.Left colic flexure d.Duodenum
Answer:d
29.A 19 year old football player was hit on the left side of his knee just as he put that foot on the ground.Unable to walk without assistance,he is taken to the hospital.MRI examination reveals a torn medial collateral ligament.Which structure would most likely also be injured due to its attachment to this ligament?
a.Medial meniscus b.Anterior cruciate ligament c.Lateral meniscus d.Posterior cruciate ligament
Answer:c
30.A 49 year old man underwent a coronary bypass graft procedure using the great saphenous vein.Postoperatively the patient complains of pain and general lack of normal sensation on the medial side of the leg and foot on the limb from which the graft was harvested.which nerve was most likely injured during surgery?
a.Common peroneal nerve b.Superficial peroneal nerve c.Sural nerve d.Saphenous nerve
Answer:d
31.A 32 year old male was brought to the hospital with a deep cut on the dorsum of his ankle.As you inspect the wound and test for functional and sensory defecits ,you find that no tendons have been cut but the accompanying nerve to dorsalis pedis artery has been cut.You would expect to find
a.Club foot b.Foot drop c.Inability to extend the toe d.Sensory loss between the first and second toes
Answer:d
32.A 30 year old female delivered a baby of 32 weeks gestational age.The loops of intestine were outside the abdominal cavity of the baby.On examination it was seen that contents were covered only by amnion.What is the diagnosis?
a.Exomphalos b.Physiological hernia c.Acquired umbilical hernia d.Umblical diverticula
Answer:a
33.Ultrasound of female patient reveals two gestational sacs(twin pregnancy).Choose the correct statement
a.Monozygotic twins have common chorionic and amniotic cavity
b.Monozygotic twins do not have same blood group
c.Dizygotic twins are genetically identical
d.Monozygotic twins do not have same sex
Answer:a
34.A 35 year old pregnant female visits antenatal clinic.The doctor recommends blood test for ruling out congenital diseases in unborn baby.If alpha fetoprotein level is low in maternal blood ,the unborn baby has
a.Neural tube defect b.Downs syndrome c.Anencephaly d.Spina bifida
Answer:b
35.A 33 year old male patient suffering from tubercular pleural effusion came to hospital for pleural tap.The physician would remove the fluid by putting needle into
a.Upper part of intercostals space b.Lower part of intercostals space c.Middle part of intercostals space d.In between costal cartilages
Answer:b
36.A 57 year old male patient comes with complaint of cardiac problem.The physician will keep the chest piece of strethoscope at
a 15 cm from midline in 6th intercostal space
b 5 cm from midline in 5th intercostal space
c 9 cm from midline in 5th intercostal space
d 10 cm from midline in 10th intercostal space
Answer:c
37.A medical student while observing a slide of gastrointestinal tract in histology lab notices the following features. Epithelium with goblet cells,intestinal glands, Plica circularis and glands in the submucosa.Which region of the gastrointestinal tract was the student observing?
a.Duodenum b.Jejunum c.Ileum d.Colon
Answer:a
38.A patient after fracture of upper end of right fibula complained of loss of sensation on lateral aspect of lower part of leg and dorsum of foot.Patient was unable to dorsiflex and evert the right foot.Name the nerve injured?
a.Femoral nerve b,Tibial nerve c.Common peroneal nerve d.obturator nerve
Answer:c
39.A patient complains of deep aching pain in the leg which becomes severe on dorsiflexion of foot and with exercise but subsides with rest.What can be the likely cause?
a.Varicose veins b.osteomyelitis c.Anterior compartment syndrome d.Deep vein thrombosis
Answer:c
40.A 50 year old man suffered heart attack.His doctor suggested him to undergo bypass surgery.Which vein is suitable for graft in this surgery?
a.Femoral vein b.Great saphenous vein c.Short saphenous vein d.Perforator vein
Answer:b
Anatomy – (A & B 2023/06 Supplementary)
41. A 3 year old child is admitted to the emergency department with a particularly severe attack of asthma. Which of the following is the most important factor in increasing the intrathoracic capacity in inspiration?
a. “Pump handle movement” of the ribs-thereby increasing anterior-posterior dimensions of the thorax
b. “Bucket handle movement” of the ribs- increasing the transverse diameter of the thorax
c. Straightening of the forward curvature of the thoracic spine, thereby increasing the vertical dimensions of the thoracic cavity
d. Descent of the diaphragm with protrusion of the abdominal wall thereby increasing vertical dimensions of the thoracic cavity
Answer:d
42. A 41 year old patient presents with a compliant of chronic nasal bleed. To control the severity of the nasal bleeding his physician decides to ligate the sphenoplatine artery. From which of the following arteries does the sphenopalatine artery arise?
a. External carotid artery
b. Facial artery
c. Maxillary artery
d. Ophthalmic artery
Answer:c
43. A young lady was brought to the burns casualty with 60% burns. You as a duty doctor observe that both her upper limbs and lower limbs are involved in the burn injuries. What will you do to give a continuous venous infusion of fluids to save the patient?
a. Try putting a cannula in the median cubital vein
b. Try putting a cannula in cephalic vein
c. Try putting a cannula in the external jugular vein
d. Try a venous cut open of the great saphenous vein
Answer:c
44.A 29 year old visited ENT OPD with the chief compliant of facial asymmetry, not able to close his left eye and inability to chew food properly from his left side. He had a history of fever 10 days back. On examination the side of the face is motionless, wrinkles absent, tears flowing out and saliva dribbling from the left angle of the mouth. On the basis of your knowledge of anatomy, what can be the diagnosis?
a. Injury to the facial nerve at stylomastoid foramen
b. Injury at facial colliculus
c. Supra-nuclear lesion of the facial nerve
d. Injury to Pons
Answer:a
45. A patient has been severely injured in the back of the head during a mugging attempt and imaging studies reveal possible fracture of the skull along with the C l (atlas) vertebra. The patient is also bleeding from the vertebral artery in this location and the attending surgeon will attempt to stop the bleeding by access through the suboccipital triangle. Which of the following muscles attaches from the transverse process of C1 to the occipital bone and forms the lateral border of the suboccipital triangle?
a. Obliquus capitis inferior
b. Obliquus capitis superior
c. Rectus capitis posterior major
d. Rectus capitis posterior minor
Answer:b
46. A 50 year old man came to the casualty complaining that while eating fish something got stuck in his throat and that it was causing pain and discomfort. On physical examination of the throat, it was found that the fish bone was impacted in the piriform fossa. While removing the fishbone which nerve is likely to be injured?
a. External laryngeal nerve
b. Internal laryngeal nerve
c. Ansa cervicalis
d. Glossopharyngeal nerve
Answer:b
47. After the cadaveric dissection the proper mode of disposal is in ______ bin.
a. blue
b. green
c. Red
d. Yellow
Answer:d
48. A new born baby with a tuft of hair in lower back region was examined by paediatrician, what is the possible condition suspected?
a. Rachischisis
b. Spina bifida occulta
c. Sacrococcygeal teratoma
d. Caudal dysgenesis
Answer:b
49. A 40 year old patient came with headache, fever and stiffness in neck and was diagnosed as a case of meningitis. The physician wanted to evaluate the biochemical analysis of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Which one of the following would be the choice of tapping the needle for withdrawal of CSF?
a. T-12 and L-1
b. L-1 and L-2
c. L-2 and L-3
d. L-3 and L-4
Answer:d
50. A 6 year old girl was having high grade fever for 5 days. One evening she complained of weakness in her left leg. On examination there was flaccid paralysis of lower limb. What could be a provisional diagnosis?
a. Poliomyelitis
b. Cerebral palsy
c. Cerebellar palsy
d. Lateral medullary syndrome
Answer:a
51. A 66 year old nulliparous woman presented in the surgical OPD with complaints of bloody discharge from her right nipple. On examination, the nipple was found to be retracted and skin around it had an ‘orange peel appearance’. The most likely diagnosis for this condition is:
a. Intraductal papilloma
b. Krukenburg’s tumor
c. Gynecomastia
d. Paget’s disease of the breast
Answer:d
52. 60 year old diabetic lady complaints of intermittent attacks of pain in the thumb, index and 2nd finger of right hand. On examination, there is wasting of thenar eminence, she is unable to hold a paper with thumb and fingers. There was loss of opposition of thumb. Index and middle finger lag behind while making a fist. What could be the cause of such a condition?
a. Compression of ulnar nerve in the forearm
b. Compression of median nerve in the arm
c. Compression of ulnar nerve at the carpal tunnel
d. Compression of median nerve at carpal tunnel
Answer:c
53. A 22 year old female kabaddi player suffered a wrist injury while she tried to touch the central line on her outstretched hand. The Orthopedician notices mild swelling at the anatomical snuff box with difficulty in ulnar deviation of hand. Which carpal bone is likely to be injured?
a. Pisiform
b. Trapezoid
c. Trapezium
d. scaphoid
Answer:d
54. A woman comes to OPD with the complaint of difficulty to spread the fingers of her left hand. The nerve is likely to be involved:
a. Ulnar
b. Musculocutaneous
c. Radial
d. Median
Answer:a
55. A patient is stabbed in the neck. You suspect damage to the accessory nerve in the posterior triangle. You would test nerve function by asking the patient to
a. Extend his neck against resistance
b. Extend his neck without resistance
c. Lift his shoulders against resistance
d. Lift his shoulders without resistance
Answer:c
56. Examination of a patient indicates that he has a medially directed strabismus (squint). This could be due to damage to the:
a. Oculomotor nerve
b. Trochlear nerve
c. Ophthalmic nerve
d. Abducens nerve
Answer:d
57. The seventh cranial nerve supplies:
a. Taste buds on the posterior third of the tongue b.
b. Muscles of the soft palate
c. The parotid salivary gland
d. Muscles of the lower lip
Answer:d
58. A 13 year old child sustain an insect bite on his upper eyelid and an infection develops. You should be very concerned about spread of the infection to the dural venous sinuses. With which of the following dural venous sinuses does the superior ophthalmic vein communicate directly?
a. Superior sagittal sinus
b. Sigmoid sinus
c. Straight sinus
d. Cavernous sinus
Answer:d
59. One of the following is a paired dural venous sinus.
a. Superior sagittal sinus
b. Sigmoid sinus
c. Inferior sagittal sinus
d. Confluence of sinuses
Answer:b
60. Taste sensations from the tongue is carried by the following nerves:
a. VII, VIII & IX
b. V, VI, & XI
c. VII, IX & X
d. XI, X & XII
Answer:c
61. Fascia of Denonvilliers –
a. Membranous layer of fascia of the thigh
b. Perirenal fascia
c. Fascia between the rectal ampulla and the prostate and the seminal vesicles
d. Posterior layer of perirenal fascia
Answer:c
62. A forty year old lady comes to OPD with complaint of difficulty to initiate dorsiflexion and inversion of leg. The muscle most likely affected is:
a. Tibialis posterior
b. Tibialis anterior
c. Peroneus tertius
d. Peroneus longus
Answer:b
63. Sickle cell anemia is the clinical manifestation of homozygous genes for an abnormal hemoglobin molecule. The event responsible for the mutation in the Beta chain is-
a. Insertion
b. deletion
c. Non-disjunction
d. Point mutation
Answer:d
64. An eight year child is brought to casualty with history of small beads inserted into the nose accidentally. It will most likely to enter into-
a. Apical segment of right Lower lobe
b. Basal segment of left Lung
c. Medial segment of right Middle lobe
d. Posterior segment of right Lower lobe
Answer: d
Introduction of foreign material into the lungs- Specific lobe of lung involved depends on the position of the patients
Supine- superior segment of right lower lobe
Standing/Sitting- Posterobasal segment of right lower lobe
Lying on right side- Right middle lobe or posterior segment of right upper lobe
65. Commonest among diseases with Mendelian inheritance is –
a. Autosomal dominant
b. Autosomal recessive
C. X-linked recessive
d. X-linked dominant
Answer:a
66. During surgery in the region of adductor canal, which of the following structures is not found?
a. Femoral artery
b. Femoral Vein
c. Femoral nerve
d. saphenous nerve
Answer:c
67. The appendix of the testis develops from –
a. Mesonephric duct
b. Para-Mesonephric duct
c. Both
d. none
Answer:b
68. Umbilical cord has –
a. 2 artery and 1 vein
b. 1 artery and 2 veins
C. 2 artery and 2 veins
d. only one artery
Answer:a
69. In embryo the inner cell mass forms the –
a. Embryonic disc
b. Extra embryonic mesoderm
C. Chorion
d. Allantois
Answer:a
70. In a female child ovary are present in which stage-
a. Anaphase 2nd meoitic
b. Prophase 1 st meiotic
c. Oogony
d. Maturation
Answer:b
At birth, the ovary contains around 400 000 primordial follicles which contain primary oocytes. These primary oocytes do not undergo further mitotic division, and they remain arrested in the prophase stage of meiotic division I, until sexual maturity
71. The ureter is lined by……….. ephithelium-
a. Stratified squamous
b. Cuboidal
C. Cilliated columnar
d. Transitional
Answer:d
72. The upper half of the oesophagus in lined by –
a. Stratified cuboidal epithelium
b. Stratified columnar epithelium
c. Stratified squamous non keratinsed epithelium
d. Stratified squamous keratinised epithelium
Answer:c
73. Clara cells are present in –
a. Alveoli
b. Bronchus
c. Bronchioles
d. Trachea
Answer:c
74. A common structure in Hesselbach’s triangle and femoral triangle is –
a. Conjoint tendon
b. Inguinal ligament
C. Inferior epigastric artery
d. Rectus femoris
Answer:b
75. Perineal body is formed by all except –
a. Levator ani muscle
b. External anal sphincter muscle
c. Bulbocavernous muscle
d. Obturator internus muscle
Answer:d
76. All are parts of vulva except –
a. Labia minora
b. Labia majora
c. Perineal body
d. Clitoris
Answer:c
77. The following about prostate is true except –
a. Surrounds the neck of bladder
b. Has an anterior lobe which hypertrophies in old age
c. Has median lobe between urethra and ejaculatory ducts
d. Has a posterior lobe which is prone to carcinomatous change
Answer:b
78. In the region of knee all are true except-
a. The popliteal fossa is bounded above by tendons of the hamstring muscles and below by the two heads of the gastrocnemius muscle
b. The deepest structure in the popliteal fossa is the popliteal artery
c. The popliteal and femoral vessels are continuous through the adductor hiatus
d. The common peroneal nerve doesn’t pass through the popliteal fossa
Answer:d
79. Neurovascular plane in anterior abdominal wall is –
a. Between external oblique and internal oblique
b. Between internal oblique and transversus abdominis
c. below transverses abdominis
d. Above external oblique
Answer:b
80. Order of the uterine tube from lateral to medial
a. Ampulla- Infundibulum -Isthmus-Interstitial
b. Infundibulum-Ampulla-Isthmus-Interstitial
c. Isthmus-Infundibulum-Ampulla-Interstitial
d. Ampulla-Isthmus-Infundibulum-Interstitial
Answer:b
81. A porter visited a doctor for difficulty in raising his left arm vertically upward. When doctor asked him to press hands against the wall, he found that the medial border and inferior angle of his left scapula had become prominent. This condition is due to-
a. Paralysis of serratus anterior muscle
b. Paralysis of pectoralis major muscle
c. Paralysis of teres major muscle
d. Paralysis of pectoralis minor muscle
Answer:a
82. An old man visited an orthopaedic surgeon for pain in his right shoulder, which aggravated while putting his jacket. On examination surgeon found tenderness in shoulder region along with pain during mid abduction. This may be due to-
a. Klumpke’s paralysis
b. Carpel tunnel syndrome
c. Painful arc syndrome
d. Shoulder dislocation
Answer:b
Painful arc refers to shoulder impingement It is characterised by shoulder pain when the arm is raised above the shoulder level (for example, when trying to reach for something high on a shelf.
83. Avascular necrosis is commonly seen in fracture of-
a. Lunate bone
b. Capitate bone
c. Pisiform bone
d. Scaphoid bone
Answer:d
84. A 20 year old thin girl was given intramuscular injection by a trainee nurse in deltoid region After 2 days she visited doctor with complain of loss of sensation in deltoid region along with inability to abduct her arm up to 90″. This is probably due to injured-
a. Ulnar nerve
b. Axillary nerve
c. Median nerve
d. Radial nerve
Answer:b
85. All are boundaries of triangle of auscultation except:
a. Trapezius
b. Rhomboideus major
c. Latissimus dorsi
d.Medial border of scapula
Answer:b
86. A 30 year old man sustained a severe blow on his left flexed elbow during a football match On examination orthopaedic surgeon noticed that equilateral triangle formed by three bony points in the back of elbow region was disturbed. Radiograph showed supracondylar fracture, Which blood vessel is likely to be injured-
a. Axillary artery
b. Radial artery
c. Brachial artery
d. Ulnar artery
Answer:c
87. A 14-year old female woke up with inability to voluntarily move the left side of her face, including the inability to close her left eye and slight dropping at the corner of her mouth. Patient also complained of loss of taste sensation in anterior two-thirds of tongue. What is the diagnosis?
a. Bell’s palsy
b. Trigeminal neuralgia
c. Glossopharyngeal neuralgia
d. Abducent nerve palsy
Answer:a
88. A 25 year old female visited his physician with complaint of a very painful swelling on the face in reteromandibular region on the left side. On examination the doctor found that there is weakness in facial muscles and left ear lobule was lifted by the swelling. Which anatomical structure is affected?
a. Tempromandibular joint
b. Eustachian tube
c. Sternocleidomastoid muscle
d. Parotid gland
Answer:d
89. During a fight, a 42 year old male mechanic received a shallow stab wound from a broken bottle at a point just behind the middle of the sternocleidomastoid muscle in the posterior triangle. Physical examination revealed that the left shoulder was drooping lower than the right shoulder but turning of head to the right and left appears to be normal. Which nerve is most likely affected in this case?
a. Left spinal accessory nerve
b. Left glosspharyngeal nerve
c. Left vagus nerve
d. Left facial nerve
Answer:a
90. A 55 years old man is admitted to the hospital for severe headache. CT scan examination revealed a tumour in infratemporal fossa. Physical examination revealed loss of general sensation from anterior two third of tongue but intact taste sensation. Which nerve is affected in this?
a. Chorda tympani nerve
b. Lingual nerve
c. Glossopharyngeal nerve
d. Vagus nerve
Answer:b
91. A 48 year old male presented to OPD with complaints of difficulty and swallowing as well as numbness on the right side of his tongue. Physical examination revealed atrophy and fasciculations of the right side of tongue. There was deviation of the tongue towards the right side when protruded. Which nerve is affected in this case?
a. Glossopharyngeal nerve
b. Vagus nerve
c. Spinal accessory nerve
d. Hypoglossal nerve
Answer:d
92. A 47 year old man came in the emergency and complained that while eating fish something got stuck in his throat. It was causing pain and discomfort. The physician on examination concluded that fish bone was stuck in the piriform fossa. Which nerve is likely to be injured during removal of fish bone?
a. External laryngeal nerve
b. Recurrent laryngeal nerve
c. Internal laryngeal nerve
d. Glossopharyngeal nerve
Answer:c
93. Those glands whose part of apical cytoplasm is lost along with the secretory product are known as:-
a. Merocrine glands
b. Apocrine glands
c. Holocrine glands
d. Eccrine glands
Answer:b
94. The coracoid process of scapula is an example of:
a. Traction epiphysis
b. Pressure epiphysis
c. Atavistic epiphysis
d. Aberrant epiphysis
Answer:c
95. A 54 year old male having history of headache and difficulty in vision came to Eye OPD underwent perimetry (visual field testing). Perimetry revealed homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing. The site of lesion in visual pathway is:-
a. Optic nerve
b. Optic chiasma
c. Optic tract
d. Visual cortex
Answer:d
Lesions in the calcarine cortex produce an homonymous hemianopia with macular sparing if the lesion is due to a vascular cause. This is due to the fact that nerve fibres supplying the macula have a dual blood supply from the middle cerebral artery and the posterior cerebral artery.
96. Part of the brain which undergoes degenerative changes in Parkinsonism
a. Substanita nigra
b. Crus cerebri
c. Red nucleus
d. Subthalamus
Answer:a
97. A 68 years old man was admitted to the hospital with complaints of sudden development of paralysis of left side of body. His blood pressure was 210/120. MRI of the brain revealed intracerebral haemorrhage involving posterior limb of the internal capsule on right side. The most commonly involved artery is:-
a. Recurrent artery of Huebner
b. Charcot’s artery
c. Basilar artery
d. Posterior cerebral artery
Answer:b
98. Great cerebral vein (of Galen) is formed by union of:
a. Superficial middle cerebral vein
b. Anterior cerebral veins
c. Internal cerebral veins
d. Middle cerebral veins
Answer:c
99. A 4 months old infant was brought to the doctor for abnormal large size of his head. Physical examination revealed differently looking eyes (setting sun appearance) and large and tense anterior fontanelle. What is the most probable diagnosis?
a. Aneurysm of internal carotid artery
b. Pontine haemorrhage
c. Severe dehyration
d. Hydrocephalus
Answer:d
100. Transverse section of the medulla at the level of the olives shows all of the following nuclei except:
a. Nucleus cuneatus
b. Hypoglossal nucleus
c. Nucleus of tractus solitarius.
d. Nucleus ambiguous
Answer:a
101. In case of partial tear of psoas major muscle, if scar forms on anterior part of muscle which of the following nerve is most likely to be involved?
a. Iliohypogastric
b. Ilioinguinal
c. Femoral
d. Genito femoral
Answer:d
Genitofemoral nerve pierces the psoas major muscle before emerging on its anterior surface. The nerve then traverses the retroperitoneum, descending over the anterior surface of the psoas muscle.
102. A 30 year old man was seen in the emergency department with a stab wound in the right inguinal region. Which nerve supplies the skin of the inguinal region
a. The 11th thoracic nerve
b. The 12th thoracic nerve
c. The first lumbar nerve
d. The femoral nerve
Answer:c
103. On examination of a 7 year old girl, a pediatrician heard a continuous machinery like murmur in the second left intercostals space. Murmur occupied both systole and diastole. The child was not cyanotic. Heart was of normal size. No clubbing of fingers. A diagnosis of patent ductus arteriosus was made. On basis of it which statement is correct.
a. The patent ductus represents the distal portion of the sixth left aortic arch artery
b. The ductus arteriosus closes to become the ligamentum venosum
c. The ductus in fetal life bypass the blood to aorta from pulmonary vein
d. At birth ductus arteriosus normally constricts in response to rise in arterial carbon dioxide
Answer:a
104. A patient after a fall from a bike has anterior displacement of femur on flexion of knee. which ligament is severed?
a. Anterior cruciate ligament
b. Posterior cruciate ligament
c. Ligamentum patellae
d. Oblique popliteal ligament
Answer:a
The anterior cruciate ligament functions primarily to restrict anterior movements of the tibia relative to the femur, while the posterior cruciate ligament functions to restrict posterior movements of the tibia relative to the femur.
105. A patient is unable to evert the foot after stumbling in the driveway which nerves are injured?
a. Tibial & deep peroneal nerves
b. Superficial peroneal & tibial nerves
c. Superficial peroneal & deep peroneal nerves.
d. Medial & lateral plantar nerves
Answer:c
106. A 63 year old woman suddenly woke up in bed with excruciating pain in the left calf. After 20 minutes, pain diminishes leaving the calf very tender on touch. After examination a torn muscle fiber in the left calf was made. Which is the most likely muscle to have been torn?
a. Soleus
b. Flexor digitorum longus
c. Popliteus
d. Tibialis posterior
Answer:a
107. A 58 year old female is diagnosed with carcinoma of uterine tube. Which among the following lymph nodes were not involved in drainage of lymph?
a. Lateral aortic
b. Pre aortic
c.Superficial inguinal
d. Deep inguinal
The question is not framed properly. Lateral part of fallopian tube and ovary lymph drains into paraaortic lymph node.Lymph from medial part of fallopian tube drains into external iliac lymph nodes.
108. Constrictions of oesophagus are present at all of the following sites except:
a. At cricopharyngeal junction
b. Where it is crossed by arch of aorta
c. Where it is surrounded by right crus of diaphragm
d. Where it is crossed by left principal bronchus
109. A 24 years old man visited a doctor for dragging pain in the scrotum particularly after prolonged standing. Physical examination of scrotum gave the feel of bag of worms (on palpation) on left side. Which was confirmed later radiographically. What is the probable diagnosis?
a. Ectopic testis
b. Cryptorchidism
c. Varicocele
d. Carcinoma of testis
Answer: c
110. A 44 year old man is admitted with abdominal discomfort and dyspepsia after meals. He also complained of vomiting large quantity of undigested food and weight loss. Endoscopy revealed a tumor in the pyloric antrum of the stomach. CT scan was done to evaluate spread of the carcinoma. Which is the commonest area where gastric carcinoma occurs?
a. Cardiac orifice with fundus of stomach
b. Pyloric antrum along the lesser curvature
c. Pyloric antrum along the greater curvature
d. Pyloric canal
Answer: b
This question is not correctly framed.
111. A 56 year old man, who is chronic alcoholic, was admitted to the hospital with severe bouts of hematemesis. Clinical examination revealed caput medusa and endoscopic examination revealed ruptured oesophageal varices. It is condition of portal hypertension due to cirrhosis of liver. What is the normal portal pressure?
a. 0 to 5 mmHg
b. 5 to 15 mmHg
c. 15 to 20 mmHg
d. 20 t 30 mmHg
Answer: b
112. A 63 year old man was admitted in the emergency ward after his motor bike collided with a car. MRI scan revealed complete transection of the spinal cord at the level of T 11 thoracic vertebra. Few days later the patient presents incontinence of urine with urine passing every few hour. What is this condition called?
a. Atonic bladder
b. Autonomous bladder
c. Automatic reflex bladder
d. Incontinence of bladder
Answer: d
113. A middle age woman visited the doctor with complaint of pain in her knees. Physical examination revealed swelling over both the patellae, which were tender. Radiological examination suggests a fluid filled sac over the patellae. The condition is called?
a. Clergyman’s knee
b. Foot baller’s knee
c. Housemaid’s knee
d. Miner’s knee
Answer: c
114. A young male patient came in emergency with road traffic accident and complaints of severe dyspnoea. X-rays revealed right lung pneumothorax. Which is the most preferred site for spontaneous pneumothorax aspiration?
a. Second intercostal space at mid axillary line
b. Second intercostal space at mid clavicular line
c. Third intercostal space at mid axillary line
d. Third intercostal space at mid clavicular line
Answer: c
115. Gaseous exchange takes place between capillaries around alveoli and air present inside the alveoli. Which of the following is not a part of this blood barrier?
a. Endothelium of capillaries
b. type I pneumocytes
c. Fused basement membrane of capillaries and alveoli
d. Dust cells
Answer: d
116. Capacitation of sperm take place in the female reproductive tract and is ready for fertilization ideally in-
a. 30 minutes
b. 1 Hour
c. 6 to 7 hours
d. 24 hours
Answer: d
In order to fertilize the egg, the sperm must undergo the process of capacitation in the female reproductive tract where a number of enzymes and signaling molecules are involved. This process can take around 10 hours which means that the fertilization time is approximately 24 hours.
117. A 31 year old labourer, injures his left leg due to a drop of concrete brick on him. Subsequently he is unable to plantar flex and invert his left foot. Which muscle is most likely damaged?
a. Tibialis anterior
b. Tibialis posterior
c. Extensor digitorum longus
d. Peroneus longus
Answer: b
118. A 66 years old patient complains of chronic constipation. Recently, he felt severe pain and bleeding during passing stools. On proctoscopic examination the surgeon found rupture of one of the anal valves. What is the diagnosis?
a. Piles
b. Fissure
c. Fistula
d. Stenosis
Answer: b
119. A 27 year old man was attacked by a thief. He received slashed injury by sharp knife in his thigh. He dies within à few minutes. Which was the exact site where he received injury?
a. Adductor canal
b. Femoral canal
c. Femoral ring
b. Apex of femoral triangle
Answer:d
120. A 5 month old baby boy is admitted to the paediatric orthopaedic clinic. During physical examination, it is noted that the baby has inversion and adduction of the forefoot relative to the hindfoot and plantar flexion. Which of the following terms is diagnostic for the signs observed on physical examination?
a. Talipes calcaneovarus
b. Talipes calcaneovalgus
c. Talipes equinovarus
d. Talipes equinovalgus
Answer:c
Anatomy (Paper A and B Feb 2023/02 Mains)
Q.2. Describe the uterus under following headings(4+3+3+2)
a.Gross features
b.Supports of uterus
c.Blood supply and lymphatic drainage
d.Applied anatomy
Q.3. Write short notes on(5×4)
a.Describe the boundaries and contents of adductor canal
b.Enumerate the tributaries and discuss briefly the embryologiocal development of coronary sinus
c.Explain briefly the factors responsible for the maintenance of medial longitudinal arch of foot
d.Explain the formation of tertiary chorionic villi
Q4.Explain the anatomical/embryological basis of (3×5)
a.Patent ductus arteriosus
b.Fermoral hernia is more common in females
c.Left sided varicocoele is more common in males
d.Foreign body impaction is more common in right lung
e.Pain of appendicitis is referred to the umbilical region
Q5 Discuss briefly the applied aspect of(6×3)
a.Disruption of the Abductor mechanism of hip joint
b.Autosomal recessive disorders
c.Diaphragmatic hernia
Q6 a. Draw well labeled diagram of (5×2)
(i)Microanatomy of liver
(ii)Anterior relations of right kidney
b.Discuss briefly the precautions to be taken by students during cadaveric dissection? 5
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Q.2. Describe the anatomy of the temporomandibular joint under following headings(4×3)
a.Type of joint,articular surfaces and ligaments
b.Movements and muscles producing them
c.Clinical anatomy
Q3.Write short notes on 5×4
a.Illustrate microanatomy of cornea
b.Discuss briefly the various types of muscles with examples of each
c.Describe the boundaries of the quadrangular spacve in scapular region along with the structures passing through it and its related applied
d.Describe microanatomy of elastic cartilage
Q4.Explain 3×5
a.Clinical anatomy of piriform fossa
b.Winging of scapula
c.Argyll Robertson Pupil
d.Lateral medullary syndrome
e.Anatomical basis of ligation of thyroid arteries during thyroid surgeries
Q5.Write short notes on 6×3
a.Discuss movements and muscles responsible for them at wrist joint
b.Transverse section through medulla oblongata at the level of pyramidal decussation
c.Discuss embryological development of tongue
Q6.Write short notes on 5×3
a.Describe the blood supply of mammary gland
b.Discuss in brief the blood supply of spinal cord
c.Role of biological tissues and cadavers in learning anatomy
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Anatomy (Paper A and B 2023/06 Supplementary)
Q.2. Describe the larynx under following headings: -(4×3)
a. Cartilages and ligaments
b. Movements of vocal cords
C. Clinical anatomy
Q.3. Write short notes on(5×4)
a. Illustrate microanatomy of mammary gland
b. Types of cartilaginous joints
C. Claw hand
d. Describe microanatomy of compact bone
Q.4. Explain(3×5)
a. Clinical importance of median cubital vein
b. Wry neck
C. Neurobiotaxis with example
d. Erb’s palsy
e. Haemmohrage after tonsillectomy
Q.5. Write short notes on(6×3)
a. Derivatives of first pharyngeal arch
b. Transverse section through midbrain at the level of superior colliculus
C. Cranial nerve nuclei of general visceral efferent column
Q.6. Write short notes on(5×3)
a. Lymphatic drainage of mammary gland
b. Lower triangular space in scapular region
C. Circle of Willis
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Q.2. Describe ‘Spleen’ under the following headings(4+3+3+2)
a. Gross features
b. Relations
C. Blood supply and lymphatic drainage
d. Applied anatomy
Q.3. Write short notes on(5×4)
a. Femoral sheath
b. Bronchopulmonary segments
c. Lateral longitudinal arch of foot
d. Fertilisation
Q.4. Explain the anatomical/embryological basis of(3×5)
a. Tetralogy of fallot
b. Foot drop
C. Paracentesis thoracis
d. Intramuscular injections are given in the upper and lateral quadrant of gluteal region
e. Pain of ureteric colic referred from loin to groin
Q.5. Discuss briefly the applied aspect of(6×3)
a. Cervical rib
b. Autosomal dominant disorders
C. Atrial septal defects
Q.6. a. Draw well labelled diagram of (5×3)
a. Microanatomy of Pancreas
b. Draw well labelled diagram of structures forming stomach bed
c. Discuss briefly about proper disposal of biomedical waste in dissection hall.
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Anatomy 2023/11(Mains A and B)
Q.2. Describe the anatomy of shoulder joint under following headings: -(4×3)
a. Type of joint,articular surfaces and ligaments
b. Movements and muscles producing them
c. Clinical anatomy
Q.3. Write short notes on(5×4)
a. Illustrate microanatomy of cerebellum
b. Describe microanatomy of hyaline cartilage
C. Pulp space of fingers
d. Types of epiphysis
Q.4. Explain why (3×5)
a. Frey’s Syndrome
b. Torticollis of neck
C. Medial squint
d. Cleft lip
e. Black eye
Q.5. Write short notes on(6×3)
a. Discuss effects of lesions of visual pathway at optic nerve,optic chiasma and optic tract
b. Prepare a flow chart of corticospinal tract
c. Discuss embryological basis of thyroglossal fistula
Q.6. Write short notes on(5×3)
a. Blood supply of thyroid gland
b. Nerve supply of tongue
C. Blood suppy of cerebral hemisphere
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Q.2. Describe ‘Inguinal Canal’ under the following headings(2+4+3+3)
a. Location and extent
b. Boundaries and contents
c. Mechanisms of inguinal canal
d. Applied anatomy
Q.3. Write short notes on(5×4)
a. Inversion and eversion of foot
b. Sinuses of pericardium
c. Peripheral heart
d. Implantation
Q.4. Explain the anatomical/embryological basis of(3×5)
a. Annular pancreas
b. Foot drop
c. Prolapse of uterus
d. Trendelenberg’s sign
e. Referred pain to left shoulder and left upper limb in case of angina pectoris
Q.5. Discuss briefly the applied aspect of(6×3)
a. Pleural tap
b. Sex chromosome disorders
C. Coarctation of aorta
Q.6. a. Draw well labelled diagram of (5×3)
a.Microanatomy of Duodenum
b. Anterior relations of left kidney
C. Discuss briefly about proper disposal of biomedical waste in dissection hall